Improvement in lamps



J. Jx HOYT.

Lamp. J Patented July 23,1872.

` UNITED *STATES 'JONATHAN J. EoYT, oF cHELMsFoED, MAssAcHsE'rTs.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 129,828, dated July 23, 1872n `To all to whom thsepresents` shall come:

Be it known that I,'JONATHAN J. HoYT, of

Chelmsford, in` the county of Middlesex .and

State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying plate of 4 drawing.

This invention relates more particularly to lamps constructed on the Argand principlethat is, with an air-passage leading to or communicating with the interior or center of the llame. The invention consists of a peculiarlyconstructed coupling, to be hereinafter described, for securing together the parts of a lamp, Spc., or other article or device-as, for instance, the body or oil-chamber to the base or stand, the top to the body, &c.

In the accompanying plate of drawing my improvements in lamps are illustrated.

Figure l is a central vertical section of a lamp constructed according thereto; Fig. 2, a horizontal section in plane of line .fr x, Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, detail views to behereinafter referred to.

A in the drawing represents the body of a lamp, which, by preference, is made of glass, although it can be made of sheet metal or other material; B, the base or stand, the upper portiononly being shown in the drawing,

its lower end being made of any form suitable to sustain the lamp in its use. The base B may be made of glass, metal, 'or other suitable material, and at its upper end, through a coupling, C, constructed as hereinafter described, it is secured to the projecting collar E of the bottom F to body A. G, an opening at center of body-top H, receiving the burner I, that by its end a is lscrewed into the collar b of opening G; J, the chimney, held on burner-top I in the ordinary manner. The burner I, except as hereinafter described, may be of any of the ordinary forms of construction to secure the admission of air to its interior and exterior. K, a passage, extending vertically through center line of bodyA, from its bottom F to and into thetop opening G. This passage K is open at each end, its upper end c opening to the center or interior of burner I, and its lower endd to the inner chamber L of coupling C, with which chamber L communication is had by the external air through holes fof the coupling C. From end to end the passage K upon its inside is of a uniform taper, being the larger at its lower end d. By a pipe or tube,M, the upper end c of passage K is extended through the inner tube gof burner I,'this.tube M, for a portion of its 1 length, as shown, continuing the taper of the passage K and terminating in a bell-shape at or near the line or plane `of combustion h of the burner.l This extension-tube M rests up on the shoulder w of the upper open end of the air-passage K, and the walls of the passage K extend somewhat above this shoulder w, on which a packing-ring of cork, for instance, is to be placed to secure a tight joint between extension-tube M and passage K. With an air-passage, K, leading up through the ncenter of the burner-tube, and the wick occupying the space m, between the inner and outer tubes g and j of the burner I,made of the form herein described, it is plainly manifest that for agiven size or interior periphery 'of the burner a larger amount of air can and will be supplied to the llame than is possible with a straight passage leading to the iia'me,

the tapering of the air-passage facilitating the air-discharge to the iiame for the same reasons that the discharge of water through a tapering pipe or passage is greater than it would be through a straight pipe.

The air-passage K may be vof a continuous taper from end to end, or straight for a portion or portions of its length, tapering either in a straight or curved line between them, always, however, with the smaller ends of taper, either one or more of the same, or at least one of the same, toward the plane of combustion. It is preferable, however,` to 4have the passage Ktaper from end to end, or thereabout, together with a bellshaped end, a, for the discharge, as in such case the best and `stron gest results are obtained.

The bell-shaped end may be dispensed with, but it is preferable to use it.

Although in the drawing spaces ar'e shown at the joint between extension-tube and passage K, and between the extension-tube and inner tube of burner, it is simply to illustrate more distinctly the separate parts; in actual use they would not appear. The coupling C is in three parts, O, P, and Q, relatively con structed as follows: The part O, inthe pres ent instance, is a part of the bottom of body A, and about the air-passage K, forming a continuation thereof. It is constructed with projecting lugs S about its periphery, which lugs are three in number, with their endsl beveled, and intermediate of their ends each made with a recess, fn. The part P is of a diameter to receive the part O, and on its interior is provided with lugs l, at a distance apart corresponding to that between the lugs S, and of a shape to pass freely in and between the lugs to part O, and by turning either one or the other parts O and P to pass into position over the edges o, and to closely fit in the recesses n of the lugs. The part Q is a sleeve-nut, screwing on the outside of the part P, and causing, if properly turned to bring it against the shoulder w of the part O, a complete and perfect fastening of the part O to the part P, as is obvious. l

rEhe coupling C, above described, is at the bottom of lamp-body, and between it and the base or stand Bis a similar construction of parts, W, X, and Y, as shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl 1. The part O of the coupling C, formed with the body A of the lamp, and with lugs S, and being a continuation of the air-passage K, in combination with the part P, having the lugs T, and with the sleeve-nut Q, all constructed and arranged as herein set forth.

2. The air-passage K, having shoulder w, in combination with extension-tube M, substantially as described, for the purpose specied.

The above speeiication signed by me this 1st day of April, A. D. 1872.

JONA. J. I-IOYT.

Witnesses:

W. R. S'rEARNs, EDWIN W. BROWN. 

